Fundamental of Electric Power Distribution System

Electric Power Distribution System

In this modern age, electricity is an essential part of our digital life. We consume more electricity than before and it’s increasing day by day. For this reason, the electrification system in this 20th century really improved its productivity and increasing the industrialized world.

Now it’s not for luxury because electricity powers the machinery, industry, computers, health-care systems, and the entertainment of modern society. Now electricity is inexpensive, and its price continues to slowly decline.

Because we already find out the best way of producing electricity and a transmission and distribution system that we can send electricity in long distances at a low cost.

Electric Power Distribution System:

The electric power distribution system is a port of the power delivery infrastructure that can take the electricity from the highly meshed, high-voltage overhead transmission system (Circuits) and it delivers it to customers. But the primary distribution lines (System) are “medium-voltage” circuits, normally thought of as 220-440 V to 33 kV.

In a distribution substation, a power transformer takes the incoming transmission- level voltage (35 to 230 kV) and steps it down by step down power transformer to several distribution primary circuits, which fan out from the electrical substation.

Now, close to each end-user or customer, a distribution transformer takes the primary-distribution voltage and steps it down again to a low-voltage secondary circuit, commonly 110/240 Voltage level. From the main distribution transformer, the secondary distribution circuits or lines connect with the end-user or customer where the connection is made at the service entrance.

That’s means if you are reading this article by your computer and if you are using electricity then the main incoming line for your home is connected with a distribution transformer and if you want you can find the distribution transformer near to your home.

Electricity distribution infrastructure is extensive; after all, electricity has to be delivered to consumers who are concentrated in cities, a consumer in the suburbs and consumers in very remote regions. But you can find a few places in this industrialized world where do not have electricity from a distribution system.

The distribution line is found along most secondary roads and streets. Urban construction is normally underground and the rural construction is normally overhead. Mainly, an urban utility may have less than 50 feet of distribution circuit line for each customer.

But a rural utility can have over 300 feet of primary circuit line per customer. Several entities may have own distribution systems like municipal governments, federal agencies, state agencies, rural cooperatives, or investor-owned utilities like us.

Because for large industrial facilities like us need our own distribution systems. But there are some differences in approaches by each of these types of entities but the engineering sector is similar for all.

Now proper power distribution planning is the study of future power delivery needs. All planning goals are to provide the service at a low cost with high reliability. This kind of planning requires a mix of geographic, engineering and economic analysis skills.

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